About Our OceanPlan Project
In a nutshell, the OCEANPLAN project was a 3-year research project that investigated how marine spatial planning (MSP) can both be affected by, and adapt to global climate change. The project was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under grant agreement PTDC/CTA-AMB/30226/201, and led by an international team of scientists with expertise on both climate change and MSP.
Team
20
Communications
29
Scientific Pub.
12
Goals and Work Packages
The overall objective of project OCEANPLAN was to analyze, for the first time, within a comprehensive and integrated approach, how marine spatial planning (MSP) can be affected by, and adapt to climate change. To this purpose the project pursued four main research questions (Q):
OCEANPLAN Work Plan was built around the previous research questions, being composed by five main research Work Packages (WPs 1-5). A sixth WP was dedicated to project management, communication, and dissemination actions (WP 6). In a nutshell, WPs 1 and 2 pertained to the development of a new global Index to assess MSP vulnerability to climate change, directly addressing the first research question (Q1). Alongside, WPs 3 and 4 concentrated on adaptation approaches that allow MSP integration of change, therefore addressing Q2. Finally, by integrating results from all previous tasks, WP 5 focused on developing guidelines for MSP under a changing climate, directly responding to Q4. WP 6, on project management, communication, and dissemination of results, was a horizontal WP that took place during the entire project timeframe.
Q1.
How can global climate change affect MSP - both conceptually, and operationally?
Q2.
How can MSP processes and MSP policies integrate, and adapt to global climate change?
Q3.
How do both MSP vulnerability to climate change and MSP adaptation capacity vary across different national and regional contexts around the planet?
Q4.
What are the key guidelines for MSP under a changing climate?
Project Team
During its 4 years, the OCEANPLAN counted with the support of 21 team members.
The project was coordinated by the University of Lisbon, Marine and Environmental Sciences Center (MARE) & FCiências.ID (Portugal).
Team members belonged to several other institutions in the field of marine science, based in different countries: Duke University-Nicholas School of the Environment, Stanford University-Hopkins Marine Station, and Sound Seas (United States); Alfred Wegener Institute (Germany); Ocean Visions Consulting (France); National Research Council-Institute of Marine Sciences (Italy); NOVA School of Business and Economics-Environmental Economics Knowledge Center, and the University of the Azores-Fundação Gaspar Frutuoso (Portugal).
The project further supported 6 master students and 2 PhD students in their theses.
Project Outputs
A complete list of project outputs is presented below by type: scientific publications, communications, reports, organization of seminars and conferences, advanced training, integration of knowledge in higher education, and outreaching.
Scientific Publications
Frazão Santos C*, Ehler CN*, Agardy T,* Andrade F*, Orbach M* & Crowder LB*. 2019. Marine Spatial Planning. In: World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation, Volume III: Ecological Issues and Environmental Impacts. Sheppard C (ed), Elsevier & Academic Press, 571–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805052-1.00033-4
Calado H*, Pegorelli C* & Frazão Santos C.* 2021. Maritime Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development. In: Life Below Water, Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Leal Filho W, Azul AM, Brandli L, Lange Salvia A & Wall T (eds), Springer International Publishing, 644-655. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71064-8_122-1
Frazão Santos C*, Agardy T* & Gissi E*. Marine Spatial Planning in the Age of Climate Change. In: Navigating Our Way to Solutions in Marine Conservation. Crowder LB (ed), Open Book Publishers (In press).
Frazão Santos C*, Agardy T*, Andrade F*, Calado H*, Crowder LB*, Ehler CN*, García-Morales S*, Gissi E*, Halpern BS, Orbach MK*, Pörtner H-O* & Rosa R*. Integrating climate change in ocean planning. Nature Sustainability 3, 505-516 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0513-x
Frazão Santos C*, Agardy T*, Andrade F*, Crowder LB*, Ehler CN* & Orbach M*. Major challenges in developing marine spatial planning. Marine Policy 132, 103248 (2021). https://doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.032
Guerreiro J, Carvalho A, Casimiro D, Bonnin M, Calado H*, Toonen H, Fotso P, Ly I, Silva O & Teles da Silva S. Governance prospects for maritime spatial planning in the tropical Atlantic compared to EU case studies. Marine Policy 123, 104294 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104294
Vieira da Silva C*, Ortigão M, Willaert T, Rosa R*, Nunes LC & Cunha-e-Sá MA*. Participatory geographic information systems (PGIS): Alternative approaches to identify potential conflicts and positional accuracy in marine and coastal ecosystem services. Marine Policy 131, 104650 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104650
Kirkfeldt TS & Frazão Santos C*. A Review of sustainability concepts in marine spatial planning and the potential to supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goal 14. Frontiers in Marine Science 8, 713980 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.713980
vonThenen M, Armoškaite A, Cordero-Penín V, García-Morales S*, Gottschalk JB, Gutierrez D, Ripken M, Thoya P & Schiele KS. The future of marine spatial planning—Perspectives from early career researchers. Sustainability 13, 13879 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413879
Pegorelli C*, Frazão Santos C* & Calado H*. A Quantitative approach to assess maritime spatial planning role in ocean sustainability. Açoreana XI (3): 473-488 (2021). WP3
Fernandes M*, Vieira da Silva C* & Frazão Santos C*. Climate-related vulnerability and risk assessment of main ocean uses: An overview. Frontiers in Marine Science 9: 787882 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.787882
Gissi E*, Maes F, Kyriazi Z, Ruiz-Frau A, Frazão Santos C*, Neumann B, Quintela A, Alves F, Borg S, Cheng W, Fernandes ML, Hadjimichael M, Manea E, Marques M, Platjouw F, Portman ME, Sousa L, Bolognini L, Flannery W, Grati F, Pita C, Vaidianu N, Stojanov R, van Tatenhove J, Micheli F, Hornidge A-K & Unger S. Contributions of marine area-based management tools to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Journal of Cleaner Production 330, 129910 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129910
Gissi E*, Maes F, Kyriazi Z, Ruiz-Frau A, Frazão Santos C*, Neumann B, Quintela A, Alves F, Borg S, Cheng W, Fernandes ML, Hadjimichael M, Manea E, Marques M, Platjouw F, Portman ME, Sousa L, Bolognini L, Flannery W, Grati F, Pita C, Vaidianu N, Stojanov R, van Tatenhove J, Micheli F, Hornidge A-K & Unger S. Data about marine area-based management tools to assess their contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Data-in-Brief 40, 107704 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.107704
Communications
25. García-Morales S & Frazão Santos C. OceanPlan: Maritime Spatial Planning under a Changing Climate. MSP-MED Workshop: Towards the operational implementation of MSP in our common Mediterranean Sea. Panel: Session 3: Challenges to address through MSP- Climate change and the development of a sustainable Blue Economy. Tunis, Tunisia. 26-28 September 2022. Oral – Invited speaker.
24. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Andrade F, Caeiro D, Calado H, García-Morales S, Gissi E, Orbach M, Rosa R & Vieira da Silva C. Global perceptions on the need for climate-smart marine spatial planning. ICES Annual Science Conference 2022. Session B, Spatial management, climate change and biodiversity. Dublin, Irland. 19-22 September 2022. Oral.
23. Santos D, Rosa R, Badhe R, Ehler CN, Grant S, Hughes K, Van de Putte A, Xavier JC & Frazão Santos C. Ocean Planning in Polar Regions: A way forward. ICES Annual Science Conference 2022. Session B, Spatial management, climate change and biodiversity. Dublin, Irland. 19-22 September 2022. Oral.
22. García-Morales G, Stratoudakis Y, Gissi E, Andrade F & Frazão Santos C. Blue management under a changing climate: Marine spatial planning and the social-ecological perspective. ICES Annual Science Conference 2022. Session B, Spatial management, climate change and biodiversity. Dublin, Irland. 19-22 September 2022. Oral.
21. Frazão Santos C. Climate change and marine spatial planning. Planning for the future of Europe’s Marine Space – MSP Stakeholder Conference (by DG MARE, CINEA, and MSP Assistance Mechanism/EU MSP Platform). Panel: Session 3 – New Generation of MSPs for 2030 and beyond. Brest, France. 14-15 June 2022. Oral – Invited speaker.
20. Frazão Santos C. Planning the ocean under a changing climate. Forum Océan: Un Enjeu Pour L’expertise Scientifique Européenne (by Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, l’Institut de l’Océan de l’Alliance Sorbonne Université & MARE- Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente). Panel: Table Ronde 7, Les Enjeux de la Croissance Bleue – de la Gouvernance à l’Aménagement de l’Espace Maritime. Paris, France. 2-4 March 2022. www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpVniCJ1I6o Oral – Invited speaker.
19. García-Morales S, Andrade F & Frazão Santos C. Managing the blue realm under the challenges of a changing climate. 11th MARE People and the Sea Conference – “Limits to Blue Growth?” – Virtual Conference. Panel: 3.308 – Theorizing Blue Growth. Online. 29 June-2 July 2021. Oral.
18. Frazão Santos C. Integrating climate change into marine spatial planning. Marine Spatial Planning Webinar Series: Climate Informed Planning and Implementation. World Bank’s Environment, Natural Resources and Blue Economy (ENB) Global Practice Weekly Webinars (by World Bank Group). Online. 16 June 2021. Oral – Invited speaker.
17. Garcia-Morales S, Andrade F & Frazão Santos C. Integrating climate change adaptation and sustainable use of the ocean in Marine Spatial Planning. MSP NATURE 2021 – Nature Conservation in Marine Spatial Planning: How to Reconcile Human Activities with Ecological Functions. Panel: ERASMUS+ Session on visions for MSP. Online. 19-21 January 2021. Oral.
16. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning and the need for coordination to face climate change: A global view. Virtual Conference Ocean Governance: Action Insights and Foreshadowing Challenges. Panel 4: Bringing the pieces together: Area Based Management Tools for Effective Integrated Ocean Management. Online. 19-20 November 2020. Oral – Invited speaker.
15. Frazão Santos C. MSP and the challenge of integrating climate change. IMBeR’s Marine Spatial Planning Workshop: Balancing social, economic, cultural and ecological objectives. Online. 19 August 2020. Oral – Invited speaker.
14. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T Andrade F, Barange M, Calado H, Crowder LB, Cunha-e-Sá MA, Ehler CN, Fernandes M, García-Morales S, Gissi E, Halpern BS, Orbach MK, Pörtner HO, Vieira da Silva C, Rosa RN & Rosa R. Planning towards sustainability under a changing climate. MarSP Project Final Conference. Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal. 6 December 2019. Oral.
13. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning and climate change. 4th MSPglobal Forum–Global meets Regional. Workshop 10: Participants choice: Planning for Climate Change – Concrete solutions and choices. Riga, Latvia. 19-22 November. Oral – Invited speaker.
12. Frazão Santos C. Planning towards sustainability under a changing climate. Virtual Blue COP25’s Webinar: Ecosystem-based ocean management solutions for climate mitigation and adaptation. Online. 15 November 2019. Oral – Invited speaker.
11. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Barange M, Crowder LB, Ehler CN, Orbach MK, Andrade F, Calado H, Vieira da Silva C, Rosa R, Cunha-e-Sá MA, Gissi E, Pörtner HO & Rosa R. Vulnerability of European aquaculture and fisheries to a changing ocean. ICES Annual Science Conference 2019. Theme session B, Marine aquaculture in a changing ocean. Gothenburg, Sweden. 8-12 September 2019. Poster.
10. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Barange M, Crowder LB, Ehler CN, Orbach MK, Andrade F, Calado H, Vieira da Silva C, Rosa R, Cunha-e-Sá MA, Gissi E, Pörtner HO & Rosa R. Vulnerability of ocean planning to a changing ocean: the Portuguese case study. ICES Annual Science Conference 2019. Theme session D, Assessing ecosystem vulnerability to multiple drivers and pressures. Gothenburg, Sweden. 8-12 September 2019. Poster.
9. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Andrade F, Crowder L, Barange M, Ehler C, Orbach M, Calado H, Otto-Pörtner H & Rosa R. Impacts of “moving ecosystem services” on human uses of the ocean. Species On The Move 2019. Theme 07, Cultural, social and economic dimensions of changes in species distributions. Skukuza, South Africa. 22-26 July 2019. Oral.
8. Frazão Santos C, Garcia-Morales S, Andrade F, Agardy T, Crowder L, Barange M, Ehler C, Orbach M, Calado H, Otto-Pörtner H, Gissi E & Rosa R. Promoting adaptation to climate change in marine spatial planning. Species On The Move 2019. Theme 06, Governance, legal and ethical issues for shifting species and changing ecosystems. Skukuza, South Africa. 22-26 July 2019. Oral.
7. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Crowder L, Barange M, Ehler C, Orbach M, Andrade F, Calado H, Otto-Pörtner H & Rosa R. Planning for a changing ocean: implications of moving marine ecosystem services for ocean planning and policy. Species On The Move 2019. Theme 06, Governance, legal and ethical issues for shifting species and changing ecosystems. Skukuza, South Africa. 22-26 July 2019. Poster.
6. Garcia-Morales S, Andrade F & Frazão Santos C. Integrating climate change adaptation in ocean planning. European Climate Change Adaptation Conference 2019. Theme 6, Climate risk management and resilience. Lisbon, Portugal. 28-31st May 2019. Poster.
5. Frazão Santos C, Agardy T, Andrade F, Barange M, Crowder LB, Ehler CN, Orbach MK & Rosa R. Assessing vulnerability and risk of ocean planning to climate change. European Climate Change Adaptation Conference 2019. Theme 1, Data, methods and approaches in climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Lisbon, Portugal. 28-31st May 2019. Oral.
4. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning, conservation and blue growth in the European Atlantic, and the challenge of a changing climate. 5th International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas. Workshop 10, Marine Mammals and MSP in the Context of Blue Growth. Costa Navarino, Greece. 8-12 April 2019. Oral – Invited speaker.
3. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning under a changing climate. Colloquium on Marine Spatial Planning and Science: Actual Challenges and Demands for Effective Action (by JPI Oceans and European Commission). Venice, Italy. 13 December 2018. Oral – Invited speaker.
2. Frazão Santos C. Marine Spatial Planning Guidelines & the EU MSP Directive. OTGA/VLIZ Training Course on Marine GIS Applications for Integrated Coastal Zone Management (by UNESCO). Oostende, Belgium. 29th November 2018. Invited speaker.
1. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning under a changing climate. 15th Meeting of the European Commission Member States Expert Group on Marine Spatial Planning. Panel: MSP and the Research Community. Brussels, Belgium. 8-9th October 2018. Invited speaker.
4. Santos D, Rosa R & Frazão Santos C. Ocean planning in the poles: A comparative analysis of governance challenges and practices. XIII Portuguese Polar Conference: Anticipating a Changing World. Panel: Environmental Sciences. Porto, Portugal. 29-20 November 2021. Oral. AWARDED
3. Frazão Santos C. Integrating climate change in ocean planning. Ciências Research Day 2021. Panel: Session 3, Science for Society: Understanding Climate Change. Lisbon, Portugal. 27 October 2021. Oral – Invited speaker. [Video]
2. Garcia-Morales S, Agardy T, Andrade F, Calado H, Crowder L, Ehler C, Orbach M, Otto-Pörtner H, Rosa R & Frazão Santos C. Climate change adaptation and sustainability in ocean planning and use [in Portuguese]. Encontro Ciência’19: Encontro com a Ciência e Tecnologia em Portugal (by the Portuguese Ministry for Science). Panel: Ação Climática (II)ODS13. Lisbon, Portugal. 9 July 2019. Oral – Invited speaker.
1. Frazão Santos C. Marine spatial planning in Portugal, and climate change [in Portuguese]. One Day Workshop on Marine Spatial Planning. University of the Azores and NOVA-FCSH. Lisbon, Portugal. 15th May 2019. Oral – Invited speaker.
Radio Show at 90 Segundos de Ciência by Antena 1, November 02, 2021. “Ep. 1187 Catarina Frazão Santos – Projeto OCEANPLAN promove o planeamento sustentável do oceano”. Language: Portuguese. www.90segundosdeciencia.pt/episodes/ep-1187-catarina-frazao-santos/
Blog Post at OCTO-Open Communications for the Ocean by Sarah Carr, January 20, 2022. “Results of a global survey on marine spatial planning and climate change: Interview with Catarina Frazão Santos”. Language: English. https://octogroup.org/results-of-a-global-survey-on-marine-spatial-planning-and-climate-change-interview-with-catarina-frazao-santos/
reen News at Euronews by Lusa – Agência de Notícias de Portugal, June 06, 2022. “Antecipar o futuro dos oceanos”. Language: Portuguese. https://pt.euronews.com/green/2022/06/06/antecipar-o-futuro-dos-oceanos
Article at Ciências ULisboa by Área de Comunicação e Imagem Ciências ULisboa, October 27, 2021. “Dia da Investigação com sessão especial dedicada às Alterações Climáticas”. Language: Portuguese. https://ciencias.ulisboa.pt/pt/noticia/20-10-2021/dia-da-investigação-com-sessão-especial-dedicada-às-alterações-climáticas
Blog Post at Springer Nature Sustainability Community by Catarina Frazão Santos, May 07, 2020. “Integrating climate change in ocean planning”. Language: English. https://sustainabilitycommunity.springernature.com/posts/66420-planning-for-sustainability-in-a-changing-ocean?channel_id=2901-world-oceans-day-2020
Blog Post at Springer Nature Sustainability Community by Ruth Milne, June 12, 2020. “Community highlights for World Oceans Day”. Language: English. https://sustainabilitycommunity.springernature.com/posts/community-highlights-for-world-oceans-day?channel_id=1582-about-the-community
Article at Ciências ULisboa by Ana Subtil Simões, February 07, 2019. “Catarina Frazão Santos coordena OCEANPLAN”. Language: Portuguese. https://ciencias.ulisboa.pt/pt/noticia/07-02-2019/catarina-frazão-santos-coordena-oceanplan
Interview at Boletim Informativo do LAGECI – Laboratório de Gestão Costeira Integrada by LAGECI, April 26, 2022. “Entrevista – Profa. Dra. Catarina Frazão Santos” (No. 21, pp.17-18). Language: Portuguese. https://lageci.paginas.ufsc.br/boletim-informativo/
Interview at the MarSP Bulletin – Macaronesian Bulletin of Maritime Spatial Planning by Víctor Cordero Penín, July 17, 2019. “Interview with Catarina Frazão Santos” (No. 3, pp.15-16). Language: English. www.marsp.eu/media/files/None/3o-bulletin_english.pdf
Interview at The Skimmer – Marine Ecosystems and Management by Sarah Carr, November 05, 2018. “Estimating the vulnerability of ocean planning and blue economy to climate change” (Issue 12:2). Language: English. https://octogroup.org/news/estimating-vulnerability-ocean-planning-and-blue/
www.researchgate.net/project/OCEANPLAN-MSP-under-a-Changing-Climate 
